Nursing Education & Factual Knowledge Its Sources Advantages and Disadvantages
What Is Factual Knowledge
Factual knowledge represents the basic elements students must know to be acquainted with a discipline or solve problems in it. This knowledge is acquired through a combination of lecture, peer learning, seminar and small- or large group discussions, and team based learning (TBL).
What Is Lecture
A lecture is an oral presentation bridging
verbal communication with writing and newer media technologies to provide
flexible, adaptable, robust, and contemporary methods to deliver content.
Lecture is a teaching tool used by an educator to provide learning content
using overarching themes that organizes material in an interesting way.
Teaching Tips for Lecture In Nursing Education
Students learn in various ways, so add activities to the lecture that stimulate all learners. Increased student participation can be achieved if there are a variety of novel activities offered during the lecture, such as videos, case studies, audio Podcasts, or student-led mini lectures.
Use of visual aids, electronic handouts, electronic
feedback systems, and study guides allow students to follow the sequence of the
lecture. Pre lecture assignments can enhance student engagement and active
learning such as group assignments, inter professional activities, ebook
readings, and online modules, as seen in the flipped classroom pedagogical
model.
Advantages and Disadvantages Lecture
Lecturing is a time-efficient strategy for covering complex material, raising further student questions that lend themselves to other teaching strategies. However, maintaining student concentration during the lecture may be challenging.
When presented without student engagement activities, lectures may cause a decrease in student involvement in learning. Also, it may be time consuming for faculty to develop novel activities and resources for students.
What Is Peer Learning
Peer learning is a reciprocal learning
activity whereby students share mutually beneficial knowledge, ideas, and
experiences, allowing learning to move from independent to interdependent
methods. These strategies probably work best with small groups and can be used
online or in class.
Teaching Tips for Peer Learning In Nursing Education
A clear connection must be made between the objectives and the strategy or students will think the activity is not a good use of their time. Create a possible list of topics or allow students to choose what they are interested in to promote active student learning.
Creating relevance to the learning
objectives will increase student learning. Informal meetings between faculty
and students may help clarify and structure questions used to promote in-class
discussion.
Advantages of Peer Learning In Nursing Education
Peer learning provides a point of
reference from which to explore concepts from multiple points of view,
including theoretical and practical; promotes reflection and critical analysis;
activates truth seeking; enhances affective learning and caring; and increases
contextual learning. Many strategies may be used, including student interest
groups, peer review of student work, group tests, digital storytelling, and
peer mentoring.
Disadvantages of Peer Learning In Nursing Education
Peer learning requires faculty to continually focus on the relevancy of peer assignments because students may feel as if they are not learning what they need to know from their peers. Faculty may need to assist learners to focus or refocus on concepts being discussed throughout the course.
Student evaluation may be challenging if not all students are participating equally. And quiet students may need encouragement, whereas assertive students may try to monopolize the group. Guidelines are necessary for the learning activities.
Seminar and Small or Large Group Discussions
A seminar is a meeting for an exchange of
ideas in some topical area; it may also mean a guided discussion of concepts.
Interprofessional assignments can enhance student engagement and active
learning, but a clear connection of the seminar discussion to the course
objectives is necessary or students may perceive the seminar as an inefficient
use of their time. This structure can be completed in the classroom or online,
synchronously or asynchronously.
Teaching Tips for Seminar and Small Groups In Nursing Education
Energy, creativity, and planning by the
teacher and the students are required for effective use of a discussion
strategy. Clear guidelines are needed so a vocal person (student or teacher)
does not dominate the discussion. Student preparation time may be reduced by
having students rotate as discussion facilitators so the individual student is
responsible for in-depth preparation of only a few topics. The
teacher is a part of the group, sometimes acting as a participant, a
consultant, or the leader.
Advantages of Seminars and Small Group Discussion In Nursing Education
Discussion format allows for active student engagement with content. Collaborative, cooperative learning; peer sharing; and dialogue facilitate comprehension and practical application of concepts. It allows teachers to act as role models for concept clarification and expert problem solving.
Articulation improves in discussion, as do thinking
skills. Limited development time is required for teachers, but planning is
still necessary to ensure effectiveness. Discussion does not typically require
additional supplies such as handouts or audiovisuals, and students can learn
group problem-solving techniques.
Disadvantages Seminars and Group Discussion In Nursing Education
The structure requires that students
possess adequate knowledge for active discussion and comprehension. It may
require a great amount of student preparation time or may allow a student to
“slip through” without sufficient knowledge or thinking skills. Students may
require instruction in how to participate in seminars.
What is Team Based Learning
In TBL, teams of students are created to enhance student engagement and the quality of learning outcomes. Students may work in teams online or in class. Inter professional teams enhance active learning and student engagement. TBL groups must be properly formed and managed.
Students are accountable for the
quality of their individual and group work and must receive frequent and timely
feedback. Team assignments must promote both learning and team development
(Michaelsen, Parmelee, McMahon, & Levine, 2008).
Teaching Tips for Team Based Learning In Nursing Education
Keep group sizes at five to seven
participants. Students stay in the same team for the duration of the course.
Students are expected to prepare before the start of class and join their team
at the beginning of the class time. Set clear expectations for grading with a
rubric for either individual or group grades.
Advantages of Team Based Learning In Nursing Education
A
TBL strategy can be used in large classes to give students the actual
experience of working in a team. The group becomes accountable for learning and
increases student involvement in course content.
Disadvantages of Team Based Learning In Nursing Education
TBL requires shifts of roles of faculty and student. It requires faculty time to learn the technique and students require orientation to a different way of learning. Student scheduling issues may complicate group assignments. TBL may increase student stress if group conflict occurs.
Give your opinion if have any.